Wyrażenia zamiast -if

Wyrażenia zamiast -if

Inne wyrażenia używane zamiast "if" to:

1)on condition that 2) even if 3) even though 4) when 5) provided(that) 6) providing (that) 7) as long as 8) suppose 9) supposing 10) since 11) as 12) unless (if not) 13) but for + rzeczownik 14) incase + Wyraz w czasie teraźniejszym (dla czasu teraźniejszego) lub wyraz w czasie przeszłym (dla czasu przeszłego).

Oto przykłady a w nawiasie przedstawiane jest jak zmienia się znaczenie danego zdania zależne od początkowego wyrażenia.

If the President comes, we'll hold an arrangement. ( he may come or he may not)

(4)When the President comes, we'll hold an arrangement (He will definitely come)

(2)Even if the President does not come, we'll hold an arrangement. (Whether he comes or not does not affect the result)

(5,6,7) Provided (that)(Providing[that], as long as) the President comes, we'll hold an arrangement( We will only hold an arrangement if he comes.)

(12)Unless the President comes, we will not hold an arrangement (We'll only hold an arrangement if he comes)

(9)Suppose(Supposing) the President comes, we'll hold an arrangement(It is unlikely that he will come, but if he does, we'll hold an arrangement)

(10,11)Since(As) the President can't come, we will not hold an arrangement. (the fact that he can't come means that we can't hold a meeting)

(14) In case the President comes, we'll prepare for an arrangement. (It is unlikely that he will come, but we'd better be ready for the event as it's not impossible that he will.